High strength glass beads coated with CNT/rGO incorporated urethane coating for improved crush resistance for effective hydraulic fracturing
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Hydraulic fracturing is a widely employed well stimulation technique in which synthesized fracking fluid pumped into the bore at high pressures to propagate fractures rock formation matrix for hydrocarbon production. Proppant being one of essential component used keep hydraulically induced open and conductive by acting as mechanically strong support particle. operations are gradually shifting deeper low permeability (tight) elevated temperature pressure conditions conventionally silica sand becoming unviable proppant due its crushing. For resin-coated (RCS), temperatures greater than 60°C under pressures, glass transition (Tg) threshold limit polyurethane-based resin coating reached this applied tends soften that results reduction mechanical strength coated pack. Glass beads also considered good contestant were selected study their roundness sphericity. They drip with urethane incorporated three different concentrations 0.1 wt%, 0.5 wt% 1 carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanofillers, respectively. Crush test analysis means Universal Testing Machine (UTM) revealed significant improvement bead proppants. loading CNTs proved be best optimum concentration improved 84% along 40% fines generation containment within coating. further nanofillers loadings promoted mutual agglomeration resulted profound therefore resulting more crushing higher undesired detrimental fine particles.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2190-0566', '2190-0558']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-022-01468-3